Question 1

Which of the following is nota function of the neuroglia?

Accepted Answer

A)  support
B)  memory
C)  secretion of cerebrospinal fluid
D)  maintenance of blood-brain barrier
E)  phagocytosisF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

The Na-K ion exchange pump actively transports

Accepted Answer

A)  1 intracellular sodium ion for 2 extracellular potassium ions.
B)  2 intracellular sodium ions for 1 extracellular potassium ion.
C)  3 intracellular sodium ions for 1 extracellular potassium ion.
D)  3 intracellular sodium ions for 2 extracellular potassium ions.
E)  3 extracellular sodium ions for 2 intracellular potassium ions.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Contrast the white matter and gray matter in the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A)  White matter of the CNS is dominated by glial cells.Gray matter is dominated by myelinated axons.
B)  White matter of the CNS is dominated by myelinated axons.Gray matter is dominated by glial cells.
C)  White matter of the CNS is dominated by neuron cell bodies,dendrites,and unmyelinated axons.Gray matter is dominated by myelinated axons.
D)  White matter of the CNS is dominated by myelinated axons.Gray matter of the CNS is dominated by neuron cell bodies,dendrites,and unmyelinated axons.
E)  White matter of the CNS is dominated by unmyelinated axons.Gray matter of the CNS is dominated by glial cells.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Identify the neuroglia of the PNS.

Accepted Answer

A)  Schwann cells and satellite cells
B)  ependymal cells,microglia,astrocytes,oligodendrocytes
C)  Kuppfer cells,dendritic cells,astrocytes
D)  mast cells,microglia,satellite cells
E)  dendritic cells,axonal cells,oligodendrocytesF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The sodium-potassium ion exchange pump

Accepted Answer

A)  is not involved in producing the resting membrane potential.
B)  transports sodium ions into the cell during depolarization.
C)  transports potassium ions out of the cell during repolarization.
D)  moves sodium and potassium opposite to the direction of their electrochemical gradients.
E)  depends on a hydrogen gradient for energy.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

If the potassium permeability of a resting neuron increases above the resting permeability,what effect will this have on the transmembrane potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  The inside of the membrane will become more positive.
B)  The inside of the membrane will become more negative.
C)  There will be almost no effect on transmembrane potential.
D)  The membrane will become depolarized.
E)  The outside of the membrane will become more positive.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following does not influence the time necessary for a nerve impulse to be transmitted?

Accepted Answer

A)  length of the axon
B)  presence or absence of a myelin sheath
C)  diameter of the axon
D)  presence or absence of nodes
E)  whether or not the impulse begins in the CNSF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 8

All of the following are true of IPSPs (inhibitory postsynaptic potentials) except

Accepted Answer

A)  are graded depolarizations.
B)  are graded hyperpolarizations.
C)  increase membrane permeability to chloride ions.
D)  increase the efflux of potassium ions.
E)  increase the efflux of calcium ions.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Define membrane potential.

Accepted Answer

A)  Membrane potential is the ability of a cell to become excitable.
B)  Membrane potential is the maximum ability of a cell to generate electrical impulses.
C)  Membrane potential is the maximum speed a cell can propagate electrical impulses.
D)  Membrane potential is the maximum times a cell can be stimulated by electrical impulses.
E)  Membrane potential is the unequal charge distribution between the inner and outer surfaces of the plasma membrane.F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

Describe synaptic fatigue.

Accepted Answer

A)  Synaptic fatigue occurs in an axon terminal when neurotransmitters are released into the synaptic cleft faster than they can be reabsorbed or recycled.
B)  Synaptic fatigue occurs when not enough ATP is present to cause the release of neurotransmitters out of the axon terminal.
C)  Synaptic fatigue occurs during oxygen deficiency and the synapse fails to bind neurotransmitters.
D)  Synaptic fatigue occurs during starvation and not enough neurotransmitters are synthesized for normal synaptic function.
E)  Synaptic fatigue occurs when the axon terminal can no longer receive action potentials from the axon hillock due to overstimulation.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

Accepted Answer

A)  Astrocytes
B)  Satellite cells
C)  Oligodendrocytes
D)  Microglia
E)  Ependymal cellsF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

Which part(s) of the neuron can conduct an action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrites
B)  dendrites and cell body
C)  cell body and axon
D)  axon and telodendria
E)  dendrites and telodendriaF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 13

Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as

Accepted Answer

A)  telodendria.
B)  knobs.
C)  collateral branches.
D)  dendrites.
E)  synapses.F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

The period during which an excitable membrane can respond again,but only if the stimulus is greater than the threshold stimulus,is the

Accepted Answer

A)  refractory period.
B)  depolarization.
C)  relative refractory period.
D)  repolarization.
E)  absolute refractory period.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic
B)  parasympathetic
C)  afferent
D)  somatic
E)  autonomicF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

________ account for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A)  Axons
B)  Dendrites
C)  Neuroglia
D)  Synapses
E)  Efferent fibersF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Describe depolarization,repolarization,and hyperpolarization.

Accepted Answer

A)  Depolarization is a shift in membrane potential toward a more positive value; repolarization is the return of the membrane potential to resting; and hyperpolarization is a shift in membrane potential toward a more negative value.
B)  Depolarization is a shift in membrane potential toward a more negative value; repolarization is the return of the membrane potential to resting; and hyperpolarization is a shift in membrane potential toward a more positive value.
C)  Depolarization is the return of the membrane potential to resting; repolarization is a shift of the membrane potential toward a more positive value; and hyperpolarization is a shift in membrane potential toward a more negative value.
D)  Depolarization is the return of the membrane potential to resting; repolarization is a shift of the membrane potential toward a more negative value; and hyperpolarization is a shift in membrane potential toward a more positive value.
E)  Depolarization is a shift in membrane potential toward a more negative value; repolarization is a shift of the membrane potential toward a more negative value; and hyperpolarization is the return of the membrane potential to resting.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

What determines the frequency of action potential generation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The size of the synaptic cleft determines the frequency of action potentials.
B)  The distance between the presynaptic cell and postsynaptic cell determines the frequency of action potentials.
C)  The degree of sustained depolarization at the axon hillock determines the frequency of action potentials.
D)  The number of postsynaptic cells that a presynaptic cell is communicating with determines the frequency of action potentials.
E)  The length of the presynaptic cell axon determines the frequency of action potentials.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Define gated ion channels.

Accepted Answer

A)  Gated ion channels are pumps in the plasma membrane for specific ions.
B)  Gated ion channels allow water to pass through the plasma membrane for osmotic balance.
C)  Gated ion channels allow all ions to enter a cell but do not allow any ions to exit a cell.
D)  Gated ion channels do not allow any ions to enter a cell but allow all ions to exit a cell.
E)  Gated ion channels are channels that open or close in response to specific stimuli.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

What happens at the sodium-potassium exchange pump?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sodium-potassium exchange pump maintains the resting membrane potential of the cell by ejecting 3 sodium ions for every 2 potassium ions entering the cell.
B)  The sodium-potassium exchange pump maintains the resting membrane potential of the cell by ejecting 2 sodium ions for every 3 potassium ions entering the cell.
C)  The sodium-potassium exchange pump maintains the resting membrane potential of the cell by ejecting 3 potassium ions for every 2 sodium ions entering the cell.
D)  The sodium-potassium exchange pump maintains the resting membrane potential of the cell by ejecting 2 potassium ions for every 3 sodium ions entering the cell.
E)  The sodium-potassium exchange pump maintains the resting membrane potential of the cell by ejecting 1 sodium ions for every 6 potassium ions entering the cell.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Exam 11: Nervous Tissue

All of the following are true of IPSPs (inhibitory postsynaptic potentials) except

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Define gated ion channels.

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The period during which an excitable membrane can respond again,but only if the stimulus is greater than the threshold stimulus,is the

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________ account for roughly half of the volume of the nervous system.

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Contrast the white matter and gray matter in the CNS.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Define membrane potential.

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Which part(s) of the neuron can conduct an action potential?

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What happens at the sodium-potassium exchange pump?

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Which of the following is nota function of the neuroglia?

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Axons terminate in a series of fine extensions known as

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Which of the following does not influence the time necessary for a nerve impulse to be transmitted?

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Identify the neuroglia of the PNS.

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The ________ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles.

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Describe depolarization,repolarization,and hyperpolarization.

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Describe synaptic fatigue.

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If the potassium permeability of a resting neuron increases above the resting permeability,what effect will this have on the transmembrane potential?

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The Na-K ion exchange pump actively transports

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The sodium-potassium ion exchange pump

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________ line the brain ventricles and spinal canal.

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What determines the frequency of action potential generation?

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