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Exam 12: Global Stratification

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Question 21

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Dependency theory differs from modernization theory by

A) making poor nations responsible for their own fate.
B) supporting capitalism as a path to development.
C) explaining global inequality in terms of the exploitation of poor countries by rich countries.
D) claiming that economic development is not a desirable goal.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Question 22

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Which theoretical approach claims that rich nations of the world are "overdeveloped" while poor nations are "underdeveloped"?

A) modernization theory
B) dependency theory
C) both modernization theory and dependency theory
D) neither modernization theory nor dependency theory

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Question 23

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Modernization theory claims that rich nations can and do help solve the world's poverty problem.

Dependency theory claims that the economic positions of the rich and poor nations of the globe are linked.

How would modernization theory explain the increasing economic inequality in the world over the last century? How would dependency theory explain the increasing economic inequality?

What do you find to be the strengths of modernization theory? What about dependency theory? Also point to what are, in your opinion, the two biggest weaknesses of each theory.

Critics say that dependency theory wrongly treats wealth as a zero-sum, ignoring how the world has become much richer over time.

Some forms of marriage found in the world today amount to slavery.

Of the roughly 1 billion people in the world who are living in absolute poverty, what percentage are women?

A social theorist who contributed to the development of dependency theory by tracing the growth of the capitalist world economy is

The text defines middle-income nations as having per capita income between $2,500 and $12,000 per year.

According to modernization theory, what are the four ways in which rich nations assist poor nations in economic development? Provide a specific example of a policy that the United States would employ to advance each type of assistance.

Colonialism and neocolonialism both refer to a situation where one country politically rules or controls another country.

Taken together, the sociological approaches to global poverty show us that poverty is

The region in the world with the greatest number of poor "street children" is Latin America.

Modernization theory identifies which of the following as the greatest barrier to economic development?

According to dependency theory, poor countries have become dependent on rich nations because

In middle-income nations, average personal income is in the range of

For the world as a whole, about how many people suffer from chronic hunger that leaves them less able to work and places them at high risk of disease?

According to Anti-Slavery International, about how many men, women, and children live today in conditions that amount to slavery?