Question 1

All rocks chemically weather the same way.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Because the crystal structure of ice is different from that of water,liquid water expands when it freezes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

When fossil fuels are burned _____,enter the atmosphere to form acid rain.

Accepted Answer

A)  oxides of nitrogen (NO2) and sulfur (SO2) 
B)  hydrochloric acids
C)  oxalic acids
D)  hydrogen and bicarbonate ions
E)  helium and argonF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Sand-size grains of feldspar can be preserved in a soil profile over great time periods because of feldspar's resistance to chemical weathering.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

_______ are commonly left after complete chemical weathering.

Accepted Answer

A)  Olivine and calcium plagioclase
B)  Orthoclase feldspars
C)  Halite and gypsum
D)  Calcite and dolomite
E)  Quartz and clay mineralsF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Ordinary rain has a pH of about 5.5 to 6 from the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and from natural sources of acidic sulfur gases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Chemical weathering will eventually change a quartz crystal into clay minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

_____ is the mineral least susceptible to chemical attack on the Earth's surface.

Accepted Answer

A)  Olivine
B)  Calcite
C)  Halite
D)  Quartz
E)  FeldsparF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

______ is wind transported and deposited sediment.

Accepted Answer

A)  Laterite
B)  Lahar
C)  Loam
D)  Loess
E)  GelisolF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

____ tend(s) to weather much faster than sandstone.

Accepted Answer

A)  Shale
B)  Granite
C)  Chert
D)  Gneiss
E)  Most other rock typesF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 11

In arid climates,soils are thin and soil water tends to move ______

Accepted Answer

A)  laterally
B)  downward
C)  upward
D)  only within a given soil horizon
E)  sluggishly,if at allF) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 12

Water can combine with iron oxide to form ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  silica
B)  limonite
C)  calcium,sodium,or potassium ions
D)  galena
E)  hydrogen ionsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

The _______ horizon is the uppermost layer of a soil; it consists of organic material.

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  E
E)  OF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 14

An acid is a chemical compound that gives off hydrogen ions (H+)to a chemical reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

________ forms as a chemical weathering product of iron-rich minerals.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hematite
B)  Limonite
C)  Quartz
D)  Both hematite and limonite are correct.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

The process of chemical weathering is also called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemical decomposition
B)  rock decomposition
C)  dissolution
D)  decomposition
E)  weathering decompositionF) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

The term mechanical weathering refers to changes in a rock that are physical; there is little or no chemical change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Compared with quartz,minerals that include the positively charged ions of aluminum,iron,magnesium,and calcium are ___ vulnerable to chemical weathering by acidic solutions.

Accepted Answer

A)  just as
B)  less
C)  more
D)  notE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

The only processes that affect rock are weathering and climate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Hydrogen ions given off by natural acids can disrupt the crystal structure of most minerals,making the structure susceptible to further decomposition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 12: Weathering and Soil

When fossil fuels are burned _____,enter the atmosphere to form acid rain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ordinary rain has a pH of about 5.5 to 6 from the carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and from natural sources of acidic sulfur gases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is the mineral least susceptible to chemical attack on the Earth's surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In arid climates,soils are thin and soil water tends to move ______

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ are commonly left after complete chemical weathering.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ is wind transported and deposited sediment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrogen ions given off by natural acids can disrupt the crystal structure of most minerals,making the structure susceptible to further decomposition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical weathering will eventually change a quartz crystal into clay minerals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ forms as a chemical weathering product of iron-rich minerals.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Because the crystal structure of ice is different from that of water,liquid water expands when it freezes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____ tend(s) to weather much faster than sandstone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _______ horizon is the uppermost layer of a soil; it consists of organic material.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An acid is a chemical compound that gives off hydrogen ions (H+)to a chemical reaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The only processes that affect rock are weathering and climate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water can combine with iron oxide to form ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term mechanical weathering refers to changes in a rock that are physical; there is little or no chemical change.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All rocks chemically weather the same way.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared with quartz,minerals that include the positively charged ions of aluminum,iron,magnesium,and calcium are ___ vulnerable to chemical weathering by acidic solutions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sand-size grains of feldspar can be preserved in a soil profile over great time periods because of feldspar's resistance to chemical weathering.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of chemical weathering is also called ____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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An acid is a chemical compound that gives off hydrogen ions (H⁺)to a chemical reaction.

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