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Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning.

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Question 231

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Regarding eye blink conditioning, which of the following statements is FALSE?

A) Eye blink conditioning is an example of the type of learning known as operant or instrumental conditioning.
B) Patients in a vegetative state are not likely to be conditioned to make the eye blink or to recover any mental functions.
C) Patients who are at least minimally conscious can be conditioned to make the eye blink and may recover some mental functions.
D) Currently, some minimally conscious patients are misdiagnosed and are not offered appropriate therapy.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Question 232

Multiple Choice

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Billy's parents beg him not to smoke, but his parents smoke themselves.If Billy continues to smoke, he has been influenced by

A) modeling.
B) the paradoxical intention.
C) negative reinforcement.
D) counterconditioning.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Question 233

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By changing the rules about what makes a successful response, we can gradually, through successive approximations, train an animal or a person to make a chain of responses or to improve a skill.This process is called

The best-known form of response cost involves children being removed from situations that normally allow them to gain reinforcement, a procedure known as

The process through which a response is taught by rewarding successive approximations to the final desired response is referred to as __________.

Gayle and Charles have found that scolding and spankings reduce their children's misbehaviors.Thus, these unpleasant consequences of scoldings and spankings would be considered

The learned expectancy in operant conditioning is that the

Vicarious classical conditioning occurs when a person learns to respond emotionally to a stimulus

Operant conditioning involves voluntary responses being emitted by the animal or person and is also known as __________ learning.

You live in an apartment and your neighbor's stereo is blasting so loudly that your ears hurt.If you pound on the wall and the volume increases even louder, you will be less likely to pound on the wall the next time the music is loud because you have

Learning is a change in behavior caused by maturation and motivation.

Whether we drive our car across an intersection depends on if the traffic light is red or green, which illustrates the principle of __________.

Connie's children earn gold stars during the week for good behavior and completing their chores.If they earn enough gold stars, they are allowed on Sunday to choose one item out of a "grab bag" of small prizes.Connie is using which of the following with her children?

Which of the following is the weakening of a conditioned response through the removal of the connection between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus?

On their first date, Aaron took Janine to her favorite restaurant and then to a concert by her favorite band.Aaron is trying to associate himself with some of Janine's favorite "things" to create a positive

Internal images or other mental representations of an area (maze, city, campus, etc.)that underlie an ability to choose alternative paths to the same goal is a(n)__________.

Classical conditioning occurs when the

If you wear a particular tie and get teased and laughed at, you are less likely to wear this tie again.This illustrates

Which of the following is NOT required for observational learning to take place?

Stimulus generalization and higher-order conditioning can result in a limited fear becoming